Steno Machines Through History
The steno machine is the most important tool used by steno writers – an extension of their fingers – their method of writing down everything they hear. The stenotype keyboard has far fewer keys than a conventional keyboard. Multiple keys are pressed simultaneously (known as “chording” or “stroking”) to spell out whole syllables, words, and phrases with a single hand motion.
Below is one of the most comprehensive compendiums of the evolution of shorthand machines in the world. This presentment is the result of thirty years of research by shorthand historian, Dominick M. Tursi, often with the assist of machine history consultant, Kathy Dittmeier.
Click on each machine to bring up a larger view.
1863 Michela Shorthand Machine – ITALY Inventor: Antonio Michela-Zucco First successful shorthand machine 1875 The Stenographic Machine – FRANCE – The Gallery first unearthed existence of this rare machine in 2012 1879 Bartholomew Stenograph Inventor: Miles M. Bartholomew First Practical US Shorthand Machine 1886 Anderson Shorthand Typewriter Inventor: George Kerr Anderson First Word-At-A-Stroke Machine 1897 The Stenotyper – ENGLAND Earliest English-language device outside of America 1907 Kehoe Stenographic Machine Inventor: William J. Kehoe Last of The Mainstream Coded Machines 1904 Stenophile Bivort – FRANCE Inventor: Charles Bivort 1908 Grandjean – FRANCE Inventor: Mme. Marc Grandjean French-Language Shorthand Machine 1911 Chambonnaud Silbetype – FRANCE Formerly The Silbetype and The Chambonnaud 1911 Ireland Stenotype Machine Inventor: Ward Stone Ireland Defined the Keyboard Used on Mainstream Shorthand Writers 1916 The Shortwriter Inventor: Alrah B. Edwards 1917 National Shorthand Machine Inventor: Ward Stone Ireland 1917 Master Model Three By: The Stenotype Company, a Division of LaSalle Extension University 1921 Dictatype Inventor: Paul F. Bourquin 1927 Master Model Four By: The Stenotype Company, a Division of LaSalle Extension University 1930 Stansky “G” Stenotype Braillewriter – ENGLAND 1933 Tachotype Machine – Marius den Outerotype Netherlands 1934 Smith Stenotype Designers: Howard B. Smith and Walter Heironimus 1939 Stenograph Inventors: Martin and Robert Wright 1st Writing Machine of Stenograph Co. 1939 Master Model Five By: The Stenotype Company, a Division of LaSalle Extension University Textolite Shell 1939 The Reporter Inventor: Thomas Bilyeu Consonants Occupied Three Rows And Used Five Vowel Keys 1939 Palantype – ENGLAND Patented by: Fairbanks Named for French Teacher Mademoiselle Palanque 1940 Master Model Five By: The Stenotype Company, a Division of LaSalle Extension University Metal Shell 1943 BreviType Inventor: Wendell V. Kirkpatrick Claimed Best Features Of Typing, Machine, and Written Shorthand 1946 LaSalle Stenotype By: LaSalle Extension University Aluminum black-and-grey machine, sold with correspondence course 1946 CTM-2 – RUSSIA A Retrofitted Stenograph Machine Adapted To Russian 1950 Sokutoipu (Soku Typewriter) – JAPAN – A retrofitted Stenograph machine adapted to Japanese 1957 Silma – GERMANY Inventor: Heinrich Hermann Bruckschen Chorded Shorthand Machine Similar to the Stenotype 1963 Princess-Steno – GERMANY Not A Phonetic Device – Chorded Machine to Write Word Parts 1963 Clear-O-Type – FRANCE A Retrofitted Stenograph Machine Adapted To French 1963 Stenograph Stenographic Machines, Inc. Cycolac Plastic Shell 1963 Data-Writing “Machine” Stenographic Machines, Inc. Revolutionary Computerized Shorthand “Machine” 1968 Stenoprint By: The Hedman Company 1970 DataWriter Captured Digital Notes On A Cartridge 1974 DataWriter Replaced The 1970 Cartridge With A Cassette 1971 Stenograph By: Stenographic Machines, Inc. Curved Design Used Well Into The 1990s 1975 Stenokey – BULGARIA Not A Phonetic Device – Chorded Machine to Write Word Parts – Printed To Electric Typewriter 1977 BaronData Shorthand Machine StenoConverter Major Influence On Acceptance and Proliferation of CAT in the US 1979 Lektro-Graph Inventors: Michael A. Smith, Ben C. Fulkerson First Electric Platen-Advance Writer 1980 Steno-Lectric By: Stenographic Machines, Inc. Stenograph’s First Electric Platen-Advance Writer 1980 BARONDATA SHORTHAND MACHINES By: BaronData Systems (Models: Baron II, III, IV, V, X, TX Transcriptor) 1980s BaronData Transcriptor X 1982 – Velotype Herman Schweigman and Rudolf Nitzsche An electronic version of the Tachotype. 1985 XSCRIBE SHORTHAND MACHINE 1985 XSCRIBE SHORTHAND MACHINES StenoRam II 1985 Xscribe Ultra Digital Notes Captured In Built-In Memory 1985 Xscribe Vision Digital Notes Captured In Built-In Memory 1987 SmartWriter By: Stenograph, LLC The First Stenograph Machine to Capture Notes On Floppy Disk 1987 MicroGRAPH By: MicroCAT Adapted Steno-Lectric To Computer-Transcription Systems 1987 Digitext-ST (“Steno Translator”) Inventor: Jerry Lefler First Realtime Shorthand Machine – No Onboard Readback Capability AccuWriter – 1989 1991 ProModel (élan Cybra) By: Stenograph, LLC Primarily Student Machine Impact Writer – 1994 1994 Yawei Stenotype – CHINA Inventor: Tang Yawei Paperless and Wireless 1994 Gemini (Infinity) By: Neutrino Group Split Keyboard Mounted On Articulating Tripod Fon’iks Writer- 1998 1998 Tréal By: Word Technologies 1998 Stenograph Stentura 8000 1998 CASwin – KOREA Computer-Aided Steno (CAS) Paperless Device 2001 Veyboard 2004 – Lightspeed By: Stenovations Flat Shorthand Machine – Slightly Raised Keys 2003 élan Mira Series By: Stenovations 2007 Digitouch By: Stenovations Unique User Customization of Home-Key Position 2009 Diamante By: Stenograph, LLC Large Readback Screen – Keystroke Improvements 2009 Passport/Passport Touch By: Advantage Technology Large readback touchscreen – Adjustable keyboard – Synchronized audio – WIFI – Bluetooth 2012 Grandjean Reva 2015 Lightspeed Edge By: Stenovations Flat Steno Machine – Slightly Raised Keys 2015 Luminex By: Stenograph, LLC Lighter, Thinner Than Diamante – Touchscreen – Lithium-Ion Battery – Keytouch Technology 2016 Michela Shorthand Machine – ITALY Jarne Blade Homemade Steno Keyboard Kos v2.0 Homemade Steno Keyboard Asterisk Homemade Steno Keyboard Georgi Homemade Steno Keyboard TinyMod Homemade Steno Keyboard Georgi Homemade Steno Keyboard Ecosteno Homemade Steno Keyboard Uni v4 Homemade Steno Keyboard Splitography Homemade Steno Keyboard TinyMod Homemade Steno Keyboard StarBoard Homemade Steno Keyboard